Brake-shoe.



LO. 866,085. PATBNTEDSEPT. 17 1907.'

- J. STROMEYER s; W. W. MORTON.

BRAKE SHOE. APPLIOATION FILED 0OT.15. 1966.

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. UNITED STATES PATENTv OFFICEa .llilillih S'lliOBlllYlili, l llllliADEliPlllA, PENNSYLVANIA, AND \YILLlAM, ORTON, OF CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY.

BRAKE-SHOE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed Oc ober 15,1906. Serial No. 338,921.

Patented Sept. 17, 1907.

To all H'lmlu il mo comm-n:

lie it known that we..lt tars h'rnoincvnicof thocity and county of l'l liladclphia and State of Pennsylvania and \\nr:.|.\,\i .\lo|:'ro\pofthct'ityaml countyot' amdcn and State of New Jersey, have invented an lmprovenwnt in lh'ahesShocs of which the following is a specification.

thir invention has reference to hrake shoes and consists of certain improvements which are fully set forth in the following sptwitication and shown in the accompanying drawings which form a part thereof.

The ob ior-t of our invention is to provide a constructionof braltcshoe which shall he easily and cheaply made and repaired and our object is further, to provide a braking surface having ils surface presenting: series of gritty portions surrounded and inforspaced with cast iron portions whereby the former automafically provide material to maintaining an effective resisting surface to the iron which presses against the fire or trend of the wheel and thereby greatly increases the braking action of the shoe of given size over what would he the case f a shoe when made of iron alone ()nr invention consists of a carrier-for the shoe having a front part slotted in the middle and combined with a shoe having its rear recessed and provided with shoulders to receive the front part of the carrier and also a rearwardly extending lug passing through the slot, and a locking pin extending through the lug immediately hat-a of the said slotted part of the ca 'ier.

()nr invention also consists in providing a cast.- iron shoe with a series of chambers opening to the friction surface of the shoe. combined with fillings of a mixture of sand or other gritty substance and a hinder forming a comparatively hard composition immovahly held in the iron of the shoe and adapted to he slowly disintegrated under wear to liberate the sand and permit it to act upon the surlace of the iron of the shoe to in-.

crease its coetlicient of resistance under frictional contact.

(htr invention further consists in forming the chambers of greater area at the rear than at the front or otherwise with retaining parts when combined with the filling of lilnclis formed of gritty substance and a binder so that rough usage can never dislodge the gritty block or material and a proper presentation of friction surface is always assured.

)ur invention also comprehends details of construction, which, together with the features above specified, will he bet ter understood by reference to the drawings, in which:

Figure .l. is a sectional side elevationof a h 'ake shoe embodying our invention; Fig, 2 is a front elevation of the same; Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the carrier with the shoe removed; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the shoe removed; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the gritty blocks employed in the shoe; Fig. 6 is a sectional 'iew showing a modified construction with respect to the application of the gritty suhstance.

A is the carrier and has huh portion E having a hole for attachment, to a hralce shaft or otherwise. The front portion (1 of the c; nor is preferably formed like a curved plate and is connected to the hub portion by arms leaving an open space ("i between the huh and front plate. The curved front plate is slotted at its middle at D for the reception of a lug from the shoe or brake block. Where the brake shoe is to he used on wheels of small diameter such as car wheels the front plate (7 would he curved, but when it is to he used on wagons in which the wheels are of large diameter, then the front plate may he made with little or no curvature. The shoe B is formed of cast iron and is curved on its back to fit the curvature of the part.- (3 of the carrier when so made, and is also provided with shoulders F, F which fit over the ends of the said 'curved part of the carrier so that it cannot shift up or down on the The rear part of the shoe at about its middle, is provided with a lug G which projects through the slot D in the curved part of the carrier and is held carrier.

in place by a cotter pin ll which passes through a hole sufliciently long that its rear shall inst reach the huh i of the carrier to give additional strength in case of such excessive strain as might spring the carrier. By this construction it is evident that shoe may he quickly applied or removed and no material strain or wear comes upon the cotter pin. it will also he observed that, in the form shown, the shoes are reversible and may also act equally well on car trucks when arranged in front or to the rear of the wheels.

The shoe is formed on its braking surface with a series of deep chambers I which are preferably arranged on a diagonal as shown in Fig. 2. These chambers we prefer to form of greater area at their inner ends than at the braking surface, and also, it is most; desirable that this increase in area shall be gradual from the braking surface inward for reasons to be explained hereinafter. We fill the chambers with blocks K of gritty material such as sand and a cement or hinder. This mixture is placed in the chambers in a plastic condition so as to completely fill them and when hardened is permanent and adapted to withstand great jarring without; becoming loose. The rear of the chambers are closed and the metal at the back of the shoe is continuous and sustains the gritty blocks, whereas at the front it is grid line. The blocks of gritty material are made as wide as possible so as to provide a series of sand supplying portions alternating with transverse cast iron portions B.

In operation, the sand gradually breaks away from the cement or binder and lodges between the cast iron portion B of the shoe and the Wheel and by being embedded in the iron makes it more effective as a. braking member. Aside from directly acting to increase the friction by its immediate presence, the sand iurther so sin-sues the surlsces of the shoe and wheel that a. more effective braking resistance is secured by the shoe upon the wheel than where iron alone is employed It is essential that the gritty substance shall be capable of being pulverized between the brake shoe end the wheel so as. not to produce any material grinding of the wheel. Any substance which would produce such grinding would be totally unfit for use' in the blocks K. Substance such as emery and corundum are not suitable, but sand, crushed flint,

quartz granite, gloss and similar substances which while offering material resistsncenre capable of being pulverized between the shoe and wheel may be employed in our invention'with excellent results. The binderwould usually be of hydruulic cement, but other hinders such as asphalt-uni, fire clay, glue rosin, and liquid glow for example, may be employed if so desired.v The binder should he only in such quantity as is necessary to hold the send or gritty material together, since it is desired to hove as much sand or its equivalent in each block as possible. By employing a binder, the sand cannot jar out and become lost, and it also enables the sand to be carried without depending upon the elction of gravity to hold it in place. Moreover, by cementing the sand in position, it is evident that my shoe may he reversed and per'-. form its function equally well.

While we prefer the form of the chambers shown in l and .2 and as indicateil by the block Fig. 5, it may be madeof other shapes as indicated, for example, in 6, in which the chamber has the obstructing part Jiwhich prevents the gritty blocks K working loose. In. some Q3885, we have found it possible to use the chambers of the some sectional area atoll depths, in which case the roughness of the iron walls scopes was sulficient to hold the gritty blocks in plece,'-,

hence, while'we prefer the form of chambers shown in Figs. 1 and 2, I do not confine myself thereto.

The general form of the shoe may be modified to suit the car or othervehiclc wheel and likewise the carrier may be changed to adapt it to any particular 'a transverse retaining pin extending through the lug, immediately at the rear of who slotted plutc and arranged in theopen space of the carrier. 4 I

2. In a brake slioc, a carrier formed with 'a rear hull and a forward slotted plate and an open space to the rear of the plate and between it and the hub, combined with a shoe having shoulders at top andbottom fitting over the ends of the slotted plate and also providedwith 'a rearwardly extendlng lug projecting through the slot and having its end brought close to the hub so that it may act as an abutment, and trunsversc'retainlng pin extending through the lug Immediately at the rear Oil tllQ slotted plate und nrrlmged in the open space of the carrier.

3. In a brake shoe, the shoe portion made of cast iron hnd having a series of diagonal chambers opening to the: braking surface so as to form :1 grid like structure, the said diagonal chambers'overlapplng each other combined with-gritty blocks of material, composed of sand and bydraulic cement and-completely filling and held in the diugonul chambers.

4. In a broke shoe, :1 sboeiot cast iron'lmvlng its braking surface provided with a series of chambers, combined with :1 filling; for said chambers consisting of u mlxture of a gritty substance composed of sand and hydraulic cement which is applied in the plastic state and ullowed to set and become hard.

In testimony of which invention, we hereunto set our hand. V

JULIUS S'lROMl-HTER. WM. W. MORTON.

Witnesses R. M. HUNTER, R. M. KELLY. 

